中国保险监督管理委员会


关于印发《加快发展养老保险的若干指导意见》的通知
保监发〔2004〕152号

各寿险公司、各专业养老保险公司、各保监局：

　　为大力推进保险业加快发展养老保险，充分发挥保险业在企业年金市场中的作用，探索适合我国国情的发展道路，我会在调查研究的基础上，制定了《关于加快发展养老保险的若干指导意见》。现印发给你们，请认真贯彻落实。

　　

　　二○○四年十二月二十二日

关于加快发展养老保险的若干指导意见

　　

　　为推进保险业发展养老保险，充分发挥保险业在企业年金市场中的作用，探索适合我国国情的发展道路，现就保险业加快发展养老保险，提出以下指导意见。

　　一、充分认识加快发展养老保险的重要意义

　　我国养老保险制度正处于改革之中。保险业加快发展养老保险，对于深化国有企业改革、转变政府职能、应对老年危机、完善社会保障体系和推进社会主义市场经济建设具有重要意义。

　　企业年金是养老保险重要的业务领域，又是人身保险业新的增长点。加快发展养老保险及其企业年金，有利于人身保险业充分发挥社会管理功能，促进保险业更好地服务于国民经济的发展、人民生活水平的提升与和谐社会的构建。

　　二、发展企业年金应坚持政策支持、企业自主、市场运作、政府监管的原则

　　企业年金是享受税收优惠政策的补充养老保险，有关部门将积极争取落实企业年金的税收优惠政策。对于不享受税收优惠政策的企业养老安排，企业可自主选择投保团体养老保险。企业年金的健康发展需要尊重市场规律，尊重市场运作方式的多样性。

　　企业年金是企业员工福利计划的一部分，企业可自主选择是否建立企业年金计划，以及经营主体与模式。保险公司可以提供保险合同型产品服务，也可经有关部门授予资格后提供信托型产品服务。要加快产品、制度、技术和服务等方面的创新，以灵活多样的形式和优质高效的服务满足企业多元化的养老保障需求。

　　政府监督是企业年金市场健康发展的需要，也是保护消费者利益和加强税收管理的需要。企业年金市场是一个多行业提供服务的市场，多个监管主体并存。财政、税务、社会保障以及专业监管部门等监管主体之间将继续加强合作与交流，明晰责任，协同监管。保险公司应服从各监管主体的依法监管。

　　三、充分发挥保险业的先发优势和专业优势

　　保险业开展了二十多年的养老保险业务，在市场培育、方案设计、资产管理、资金运用和年金发放等方面进行了探索和创新，积累了经验。保险业拥有精算技术、销售与投资能力、长期资产负债匹配管理能力，能提供多样化的保险产品，为企业提供包括计划设计、账户管理、投资等在内的一揽子服务。

　　目前养老保险及其企业年金正面临难得的历史机遇，保险公司要树立科学发展观，积极参与企业年金市场建设，充分发挥先发与专业优势，不断拓展服务领域，努力成为企业年金市场的主力军。要充分利用行业优势，为企业提供一揽子的员工福利计划；要发挥长期资产负债匹配管理的优势，制定长期资产负债管理策略，实现资金安全与稳定增值。并利用其精算技术优势，为计划发起企业提供精算咨询和方案设计服务。

　　四、夯实基础、加强专业化经营与管理

　　积极推动养老保险业务专业化经营，发挥行业力量制订保险业养老保险精算标准和产品标准，提升保险产品的竞争力。保险公司在时机成熟时可设立专门的企业年金部门或专业养老保险公司，不断完善客户服务体系，提升服务质量与经营技术，打造核心竞争力。

　　保险公司要以市场为导向，加大产品开发力度，完善养老保险产品体系，满足不同收入水平下多元化的养老保障需求。同时，要大力推进销售模式创新，加强服务网络建设，增强服务便捷性。

　　五、加强风险管控，提升核心竞争力

　　保险公司要加强信息平台建设，积极开发或引进先进的业务管理信息系统，不断完善账户管理系统，提高账户信息透明度，充分满足养老保险及其企业年金缴费、投资、查询、领取等各个环节的要求。要通过信息管理系统的建设，搭建专业化经营的基础平台，提升风险管理与控制的能力。

　　保险公司要制定养老保险及其企业年金专业人才的培养规划，加强人才培养，要重点培养高级管理人员和精算、核保、客户服务等专业人才。保险业在长期资产管理及固定收益类投资组合方面有优势。保险公司要努力提升其投资管理能力，加强资金运用的风险控制。

　　六、促进市场细分，充分发挥保险业的社会管理职能

　　《企业年金基金管理试行办法》的出台标志着我国城镇企业年金制度安排步入正轨，为企业年金市场健康良性发展提供了良好开端。保险业要积极参与到城镇企业年金市场的建设，努力为养老保险体系第二支柱的建设与完善，贡献自身的力量。

　　保险业要加大养老保险业务结构调整力度，大力发展期缴的、长期的和保障功能比较明显的产品。要充分发挥保险业在养老保险体系第三支柱建设中的作用，加强市场和消费者行为研究，满足不同收入水平层次居民的养老保险需求，为人民群众的长期生活稳定提供财务安排。

　　随着社会经济的发展和农村城镇化的加快，农民养老保障需求不断得到释放。农村养老保险市场的发展，对于“三农”问题的解决以及保险业社会管理功能的发挥，具有重要的意义，有条件的保险公司应积极探讨农村养老保险市场发展道路。要充分研究农村养老需求特点，开发适合我国农村需要的养老保险产品，加强保险条款通俗化工作，促进保险产品在农村的宣传和推广。

　　七、加强交流与合作，共同创造良好的经营环境

　　保险业要广泛借鉴国外的先进理念和技术，结合实际，改革创新，全面提升行业经营管理水平。要通过新闻宣传和投保人教育等不断培育和提高公众的养老保险意识。同时，要积极加强与各级政府沟通协调，争取各级政府支持，创造有利于养老保险及企业年金发展的政策环境。


The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MODITY INSPECTION

(Adopted at the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on February 21, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 14 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
February 21, 1989, and effective as of August 1, 1989)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the inspection of import
and export commodities, ensuring the quality of import and export
commodities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties
involved in foreign trade, and promoting the smooth development of China's
economic and trade relations with foreign countries.
Article 2
The State Council shall establish an Administration for Import and Export
Commodity Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection), which shall be in charge of the inspection of
import and export commodities throughout the country. The local import and
export commodity inspection authorities (hereinafter referred to as the
commodity inspection authorities) set up by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection shall be responsible for the inspection of import and
export commodities within areas under their jurisdiction.
Article 3
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
commodity inspection authorities shall, in accordance with the law,
perform the inspection of import and export commodities.
Article 4
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall, in the light of
the needs in the development of foreign trade, make, adjust and publish a
List of Import and Export Commodities Subject to Inspection by the
Commodity Inspection Authorities (hereinafter referred to as the List of
Commodities).
Article 5
Import and export commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities and import and export commodities subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities under other laws or administrative rules
and regulations must be inspected by the commodity inspection authorities
or inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection or the commodity inspection authorities. No
permission shall be granted for the sale or use of import commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have undergone inspection;
and no permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have been found to be up
to standard through inspection.
Import and export commodities specified in the first paragraph of this
Article may be exempted from inspection upon the examination and approval
of an application from the consignee or consignor by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection.
Article 6
Inspection on import and export commodities performed by the commodity
inspection authorities shall cover quality, specifications, quantity,
weight, packing and the requirements for safety and hygiene.
Import and export commodities governed by compulsory standards or other
inspection standards which must be complied with as provided for by laws
or administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordance
with such inspection standards; in the absence of such stipulations,
import and export commodities shall be inspected in accordance with the
inspection standards agreed upon in the foreign trade contracts.
Article 7
Import and export commodities or items subject to inspection by other
inspection organizations under laws or administrative rules and
regulations shall be inspected in accordance with the provisions of
relevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.
Article 8
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall collect information on the inspection of
import and export commodities and make it available to the relevant
circles.

Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Article 9
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee must
register them with the commodity inspection authorities located at the
port of discharge or the station of arrival. Import commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the seal of the commodity inspection
authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 10
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in places and within the time
limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue an inspection
certificate within the period of validity of claims prescribed in a
foreign trade contract.
Article 11
If import commodities other than those which are subject to inspection by
the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law are found
to be not up to the quality standard, damaged or short on weight or
quantity, the consignee shall apply to the commodity inspection
authorities for inspection and the issuance of an inspection certificate
if such a certificate is necessary for claiming compensation.
Article 12
For important import commodities and a complete set of equipment in large
size, the consignee shall, in accordance with the terms agreed upon in a
foreign trade contract, conduct initial inspection or initial supervision
over manufacturing or loading in the exporting country before shipment,
while the relevant competent departments shall strengthen their
supervision. The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary,
dispatch inspection personnel to take part in such inspection and
supervision.

Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Article 13
For export commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignor shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in the places and within the
time limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue a certificate without
delaying the prescribed time for shipment. Export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the inspection certificate or the paper for
release issued by the commodity inspection authorities or the seal of the
same authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 14
Export commodities which have been inspected and passed by the commodity
inspection authorities and for which an inspection certificate or a paper
for release has been issued by the same authorities shall be declared for
export and shipped out of the country within the time limit specified by
the same authorities. Failing to meet the time limit shall entail
reapplication for inspection.
Article 15
An enterprise manufacturing packagings for dangerous export goods must
apply to the commodity inspection authorities for a test of the
performance of such packagings. An enterprise producing dangerous export
goods must apply to the same authorities for a test of the use of
packagings. No permission shall be granted for the export of dangerous
goods kept in packagings which have not passed a test.
Article 16
For vessel holds or containers used for carrying perishable foods, the
carrier or the organization using the containers shall apply for
inspection before loading. No permission shall be granted for loading and
shipment until the relevant conditions are passed by the inspectors.

Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Article 17
The commodity inspection authorities may make a random inspection of
import and export commodities beyond those subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law. No
permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities found to
be substandard in a random inspection.
Article 18
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, assign
inspection personnel to manufacturers of export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities to take part in supervision over the
quality inspection of export commodities before they leave the factory.
Article 19
The commodity inspection authorities may undertake the quality
certification of import and export commodities on the basis of agreements
signed between the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
foreign bodies concerned or upon entrustment by the foreign bodies
concerned. They may permit the use of quality certification marks on
import and export commodities which have been given quality certification.
Article 20
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall, on the basis of the requirements in their
inspection, entrust competent inspection organizations at home and abroad
with the inspection of import and export commodities after examining their
qualifications.
Article 21
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the Commodity
inspection authorities shall exercise supervision over the import and
export commodity inspection conducted by the inspection organizations
designated or approved by them and may make a random inspection of the
commodities which have been inspected by such organization.
Article 22
The State shall, when necessary, institute a quality licence system for
important import and export commodities and their manufacturers. The
specific measures thereof shall be drawn up by the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the relevant competent
departments under the State Council.
Article 23
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, place commodity
inspection marks or sealings on import and export commodities proved to be
up to standard through inspection.
Article 24
In case an applicant for the inspection of import and export commodities
disagrees with the results of inspection presented by the commodity
inspection authorities, he may apply for reinspection to the same
authorities, to those at the next higher level or to the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection. The conclusion on reinspection
shall be made by the commodity inspection authorities or the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection which has accepted the application
for reinspection.
Article 25
The commodity inspection authorities, the inspection organizations
designated by them and other inspection organizations approved by the
State Administration for Commodity Inspection may handle the business of
superintending and surveying import and export commodities as entrusted by
parties involved in foreign trade or by foreign inspection bodies.
The scope of business of superintending and surveying import and export
commodities shall cover: inspection of the quality, quantity, weight and
packing of import and export commodities; inspection of cargoes with
respect to general or particular average; inspection of container cargoes;
damage survey of import cargoes; inspection of technical conditions for
the shipment of exports; measurement of dead tonnage; certification of the
origin or value of exports and other superintending and surveying
services.

Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Article 26
Anyone who, in violation of the relevant provisions of this Law, purposely
markets or uses import commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection
authorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules and
regulations without having such commodities inspected, or purposely
exports export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities
or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in
accordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations without
having such commodities inspected and proved up to standard shall be fined
by the commodity inspection authorities. If the circumstances are serious
and cause heavy economic losses, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.
Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of this Law,
purposely exports export commodities which have been found substandard
during a random inspection by the commodity inspection authorities, shall
be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 27
If the falsifying or remaking of the certificates or documents, seals or
stamps, marks, sealings or quality certification marks for commodity
inspection constitutes a crime, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law; if the
circumstances are minor, the offender shall be fined by the commodity
inspection authorities.
Article 28
If a party refuses to accept the punishment decision of the commodity
inspection authorities, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice on
the punishment, apply for reconsideration to the same authorities which
have made the punishment decision, to those at the next higher level or to
the State Administration for Commodity Inspection. If the party refuses
to accept the decision on the reconsideration, he may, within 30 days of
receiving the notice on the reconsideration decision, bring a suit nor
complies with the punishment decision within the prescribed time limit,
the commodity inspection authorities which have made the punishment
decision shall apply to a court of law for compulsory execution.
Article 29
Any functionary of the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or of
the commodity inspection authorities or any of the inspection personnel of
the inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities who abuses
his power, commits irregularities for the benefit of his relatives or
friends, falsifies inspection results or fails to conduct inspection and
issue a certificate within the time limit through dereliction shall,
depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrative
sanction, or his criminal responsibility shall be investigated according
to law.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 30
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
shall collect fees according to relevant provisions for carrying out
inspection or performing superintending and surveying services in
accordance with the provisions of this Law. The procedures for collecting
fees shall be drawn up by the State Administration for Commodity
Inspection in conjunction with the competent departments under the State
Council.
Article 31
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection and shall come into force after
being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 32
This Law shall come into force as of August 1, 1989. The Regulations of
the People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and Export
Commodities promulgated by the State Council on January 28, 1984 shall be
invalidated as of the same date.



Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.